13 Notable Women of Medieval Europe

The Study Population And Sample Population - 883 Words

The study population and sample population were clearly identified in the Methodology section. The targeted population included about four hundred university students taken from eight public universities located in the country of Malaysia with special preference for senior students. Rationale for senior students was based on maturity and attitudes about their future career choices. The selection of the study sample was purposive and convenient due to easy access by researchers. A weakness of the study seemed to be the sample population. The size of the population seemed to be inadequate with respect to generalizing findings and results. The inclusion criteria were clearly identified. Approvals were received by universities participating in the distribution of survey questions. The researchers randomly chose students from the population sample to partake in the survey. The sample population of respondents was evenly distributed among universities participating in the research study. Ethical Considerations Participants were informed and provided consent to contribute to the online survey. Confidentiality was not explicitly stated, however the use of the commercial survey program, Surveymonkey ®, implied confidentiality among participants. Ethical considerations were not specifically stated. The safety of participants was implied, due to the use of consent for participation in the study. Participants completed surveys within their respective university classes. ThereShow MoreRelatedStatistics Is The Study Of The Collection, Analysis, And Organization Of Data1594 Words   |  7 Pages  Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial, or societal problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a statistical model process to be studied. Populations can be diverse topics such as all persons living in a country or every atom composing a crystal. Statistics deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms ofRead MoreMock Analysis: Red Haired Womens Blood is Warmer than Other Peoples Blood850 Words   |  3 PagesPart 1 1. Hojat et al (2011) article attempted to investigate some important relationships about diabetes. Their article described a correlation study used in hospital setting where diabetic patients were being treated. 891 patients and 29 doctors were studied to find if the doctors empathy had any impact on the clinical outcomes of the patients diabetes struggles. The article concluded that The hypothesis of a positive relationship between physicians empathy and patients clinical outcomesRead MoreSampling Methods Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pagesof research, whilst retaining - as accurately as possible - the characteristics of the whole group. 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Teen pregnancy free essay sample

Teenage pregnancy is a social problem that has existed for over a century and has always been a great concern to every nation due to the numerous adverse consequences it brings on both the economy and society at large. In the middle of the 70s, teenage pregnancy had reached an astronomical height that it was described as â€Å"epidemic† by the Alan Guttmacher Institute in a booklet entitled â€Å"11 Million Teenagers† which was widely circulated at the time (Gallagher, M. , 1999). This, in fact, put pressure on Congress at the time to pass a bill that would increase family planning fund by hundred percent as a strategy to curtail teenage pregnancy â€Å"epidemic† (Gallagher, M. , 1999). The rate of Teenage Pregnancy rose from 23. 9 births per 1000 single female teenagers in 1975 to 31. 4 in 1985, and to 46. 4 in 1994. In the last part of the 90s, the rate had dropped by16 percent. For teenagers between 15 and 19 years, the rate of teen pregnancy had dropped by 36 per cent by 2002 and 33 per cent by 2004 (Gallagher, M. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen pregnancy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , 1999). Until recent times, Teenage pregnancy was considered an abomination and a mockery to a family. It carried a stigma and a disgrace to the young mothers and their immediate families. The young mothers were often considered sinners and the children born out of wedlock were referred to as bastards or illegitimate. The horror and the disgrace that was immediately associated with giving birth to bastards or illegitimate children, kept teenage pregnancy at the lowest minimum (Sprague, C. , 2009). In the 20th Century, the attitude of society toward teen mothers and their children or teenage pregnancy in general changed; society looked at them with compassion. Soon the horror, the intimidation, and the stigma that surrounds teenage pregnancy dissipated. This has, in no simple terms, contributed to the current level of teen pregnancy in our society. Though the rate of Teenage Pregnancy has declined in the United States in the last decade, it is still considered high, relative to other developed countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Denmark. Teenage pregnancy is a real social problem that requires all and sundry in finding a lasting solution to it. What makes teen pregnancy a huge problem lies in the negative effects it brings. The purpose of this work is to discuss some of the effects of teenage pregnancy which include health issues, school dropouts and dependency on the public for economic support. One striking effect with teenage pregnancy is the high propensity for the pregnant teenager to suffer some health problems. Very often, teenagers who become pregnant try to hide their pregnancy from their parents and in so doing, they do not get the necessary medical attention that initial pregnancy requires or may use crude means to abort the baby which can result in bleeding and death. About 33% of pregnant teenagers do not receive proper prenatal care and monitoring (Sprague, C. , 2009). This can result in an increased risk of miscarriage, anemia and high blood pressure in the pregnant teenager. Also, children born to teenage mothers usually exhibit low birth weight which is accompanied with other health hazards like respiratory disease, bleeding in the brain, and intestinal problems. All these account for the high mortality rate for infants born to teenage mothers than those born to women older than 20. This will in effect put some financial demand on the families of the teenage mothers. Another effect that has captivated the attention of civil society is the rate at which pregnant teenagers drop out of school. Drop outs today are ill-effects for future labor force; a situation which can cause poverty and semi-illiterates which civil society considers very serious in the development of a nation. Research shows that between 30 to 35 per cent of pregnant teenagers drop out of school compared to the 6 per cent of non-pregnant teenagers (Sprague, C. , 2009). Dropping out of school has an inherent effect on the teenage mothers; the early pregnancy deprives them of getting the necessary education and skills that will ensure them of rewarding and stable jobs. Finding a regular source of income therefore, becomes extremely difficult for teenage mothers as every job position requires certain skills. Their inabilities to secure jobs lead them to falling on the public for financial support. Finally, pregnant teenagers are likely to encounter abject poverty if they do not have a strong financial backing from their parents. Surprisingly, a higher percentage of these teens come from either broken home or staying with single parents, and are already living in poverty (Gallagher, M). Also, most of these teens are unmarried and likely to be single mothers which will cause them to face further acute economic hardships than if they were married. The only alternative at their disposal to partially solving their economic predicaments in the short run is to seek public assistance; that is, relying on welfare which includes food stamp. Over 80 per cent of teen mothers go on welfare within three years of giving birth (Sprague, C. , 2009). If the teen mother does not go back to school to attain any profession which is mostly the case, their daughters are more likely to become teen mothers and it becomes a vicious cycle. There are numerous effects of teenage pregnancy but the limit of this paper cannot exhaust all of them. In conclusion, teenage pregnancy is one source that can cause health, economic and educational setbacks not only in the lives of teenagers who allow them to be impregnated but generations down the â€Å"road†. All these can be averted if teenagers are taught abstinence from early sex until they have at least completed high school or attained age of 20. Where the teenagers are uncontrollable, they must be advice to use protections such as condoms but one thing is that condom is not 100 percent safe. There has been instances where condoms have torn and causing pregnancy. References Teen pregnancy free essay sample Teen pregnancy is an issue becoming increasingly more popular. Or is it? Many people believe that because so many teenage girls are getting pregnant nowadays that we live in a country where there is a â€Å"baby boom† so to speak. However, this is not the first time there has been an increase in the teen birth rate. It could be that our country will go through periods of â€Å"baby booms† and it is not so abnormal after all. But one question that is probably often asked and given many different answers to is, â€Å"Why are so many teen girls getting pregnant? † Also, what becomes of these young girls and their children? It is often thought that having children should follow getting married. However, in today’s world it is very much the opposite for many women. More and more often you hear of, or maybe even see teenage girls getting pregnant. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen pregnancy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While there is no â€Å"set age† as to when a woman should get pregnant, people often have a stereotypical idea and timeline in their head. Most typically women get married and then have their children. So why the sudden change in order? There are multiple causes to somewhat explain the rise in teen pregnancy and the effects that will often follow. In most schools students as early as grade school go through or are given a sexual education course. During this time students are taught about the processes and changes that will occur to their bodies along with an overview of sexual education. â€Å"As of March 2013 twenty-two states require public schools to teach sexual education courses, thirty-three states require students receive instruction about HIV/AIDS, and nineteen states require that if provided, sex education must be medically, factually, or technically accurate. State definitions of â€Å"technically accurate† vary, from requiring that the department of health review curriculum for accuracy, to mandating that curriculum be based on information from â€Å"published authorities upon which medical professionals rely. † (Health). It is thought that one cause of teen pregnancy is from lack of information given to these teens. You can see that a large amount of students are informed by taking these courses. What about the teenage girls that go to private schools and are not offered any type of guidance though? There are also teens who do not receive it because  their parents do not allow it. â€Å"Thirty-seven states require school districts to allow parental involvement in sexual education programs, three parents require parental consent before a child can receive instruction, and thirty-five allow parents to opt out on behalf of their children. † (Health). Many parents prefer to give their own form of sexual education to their children but it can often be diluted and not include necessary points that these public school sexual education courses include. A major fault in the increase of teen pregnancies is contraception. Contraception is defined as the deliberate use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy as a consequence of sexual intercourse. Now, it is not the contraception that is not working but rather the lack of knowledge and use. There are multiple types of contraceptive including condoms, birth control, and intrauterine devices. Each of these is very different but essentially does the same job which is preventing pregnancy and the passing of STD’s (sexually transmitted diseases) and STI’s (sexually transmitted infections). Although these exist, many teens know little to nothing about them. A study was configured at the University of Ghana to seek student’s knowledge of contraceptives, types of contraceptives, and their attitudes towards contraceptives. â€Å"Findings showed that students had little knowledge of contraceptives. † (Appiah). Now, you make ask how teens, or anyone for that matter can use any contraceptive if they have no knowledge of them. Well, they can’t. A large number of teen girls are not on birth control because they are unaware of how to get these pills. As well, many boys do not use condoms during intercourse because they are unable to get them. However, this often does not stop teens from having unprotected sex, possibly leading to unplanned pregnancy. While things such as birth control and condoms are not a 100 percent way of preventing pregnancy, they definitely play a major role in helping to protect girls from getting pregnant. While schools and parents can offer knowledge to teens about sexual education and the use and types of contraception, they will not always prevent these teens from getting pregnant. There is often resistance due to aspects of our lives such as family and children, the meaning of love,  commitment, and marriage, self-expression and self-fulfillment, and for many people, their religious beliefs (Interview). Obviously, every family and person for that matter feels different about sex and will generally choose to pass those beliefs on to their children. Because of these differences on how people feel teen pregnancy should be handled, there is often disagreements and disputes. â€Å"It seems to us that one of the most strident arguments at present-fighting over which strategy is better, sexual abstinence or contraceptive use. † says Sarah S. Brown, director of the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. From a parent’s point of view it is obvious that a parent would rather their child practice abstinence (the practice of refraining from some or all aspects of sexual activity for medical, psychological, legal, social, financial, philosophical, moral or religious reasons until marriage) than to have sex as a teen and use contraception because of the effectiveness of both. However, teens nowadays are very resistant in adopting either way of preventing teen pregnancy. Abstinence and contraception both require a lot of self-discipline, determination, and sometimes even money which teens often do not have (Interview). This just goes to show that just because there are methods for preventing teen pregnancy and/or decreasing the rate of teenage pregnancy, they will not always be put to use. With causes come effects. Dealing with the issue of teen pregnancy, there are good and bad effects. One of the largest effects of teen pregnancy deals with trends. As you have seen, more and more often teen girls are getting pregnant, it has almost become and epidemic. Like other things, it has sort of become a domino effect. If it happens once, it could happen twenty times. The idea of having a child at such a young age has almost become a normal thing in today’s society. Today, it is no surprise to hear that a seventeen, sixteen, or even fifteen year old is pregnant. When a teenage girl gets pregnant it is often overwhelming because they are also dealing with things such as school, sports teams, and their social lives. Teenagers are not yet mature enough to be able to juggle all of these things at once. For example, how is a young teen mother able to go to school and take care of their child during the day at the same time? It is nearly impossible. This being said, the teenage girl’s mother or other family or friend are then obligated to help take care of and raise the child placing a burden on them. Although there are bad effects that go with teenage pregnancy, there are also some good. Like any other pregnant person, teenage girls have the right to choose what they will do with their child. Adoption is one major choice that many teen girls choose. It allows them to have the baby but not have the stress and burden of raising it at such a young age. Teenage mothers also choose adoption for reasons such as lack of finances or support. There are tons and tons of women in the world that are unable to have children. Teen mothers who are unable or just choose not raise their child give these women a chance to do so. A final effect of teenage pregnancy is abortion. As noted before, teenage girls are going through a time in their life when they are juggling their social life, sports, clubs, hobbies, boys, and school at the same time. A surprising, unplanned pregnancy can often overwhelm a teenage girl who is not fully developmentally mature. A panic rushes through them as they wonder what their peers will think of them and the consequences that will occur after they inform their parents. Abortion is an option too many teen girls choose because they are not as prepared to have a child as someone older. As you can see, teen pregnancy is growing problem that has given teenage girls the idea that it is alright to have a child at such a young age. Because of teen pregnancy there are more abortions, adoptions, and burdens placed on other people. Teen pregnancy is an issue that becoming more and more popular in today’s society but can be decreased if not prevented.

Story Of An Hour Essays - The Story Of An Hour,

Story Of An Hour During the realism unit, one finds that the unexpected is around one at all times and The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin reminds one that life is unpredictable and full of surprises. It was a regular day for Mrs. Mallard when the news of her husband Brently Mallard came. Mr. Mallard was one of the many occupants on the train during the railroad disaster. Life seemingly would not be the same for Mrs. Mallard who has a heart disorder, or would it be? This short story displays the stages of unpredictable life that can be full of sorrow, happiness, and surprises. First Mrs. Mallard was heart broken after the news of her husbands untimely death. How can one take such news that is so unpredictable and unbelievable? To be sure, it was not until she received the second telegram that officially confirmed the death of Brently that she was able to completely apprehend what had happened. "She sat with her head thrown back on the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams." Mrs. Mallard reacted much like anyone going through such an awful experience, possibly in shock, and set herself into shut down mode. What's more, Mrs. Mallard was once a repressive, strong and happy woman, and now"there was a dull stare in her eyes whose gaze was fixed away off yonder." "When she abandoned herself, a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: free, free, free!" Mrs. Mallard's bitterness grew with every passing moment. Furthermore, embedded memories began to cross her mind and she could only see herself and her selfishness. In addition, she saw this unexpected death as a way to set her free. She would no longer live for Brently or his needs, but only for herself with no string attachments to hold her back. Mrs. Mallard had loved Brently, but only sometimes and felt at times she was entitled to feel such hate and betrayal. "Free! Body and soul free!" Mrs. Mallard was off in her own cruel world. She also thought of the future that was her own and the new life she would lead that would be long and prosperous. Mrs. Mallard now opened the door with glow, almost as if she was a goddess of victory. Besides, her happiness was directly associated with the telegram of her husbands death. As she was walking down the stairs with her sister Josephine, there was a noise coming from the front door. Next, her husband Brently Mallard walked in and Mrs. Mallard surprised, did not welcome Brently with open arms. Furthermore, it appeared that Mr. Mallard was not on the fatal train and had not even known about an accident. Mrs. Mallard was shocked as if she had seen a ghost that she fell to the ground grasping her chest and escaped into eternal rest. "When the doctors came they said she had died of a heart disease- of joy that kills." In conclusion, Mrs. Mallard's joy did not kill her but the disappointment that she would not be free. The surprise that fell on Mrs. Mallard was unwanted at first only because it was unexpected, however towards the end she found that subconsciously this is what she wanted all along, but for the wrong reasons. One reacts in different ways when confronted with everyday surprises in real life situations. Do not believe everything you hear!

My Goals for the Future free essay sample

What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you become by achieving your goals†- Henry David Thoreau. Making and achieving goals is so important in one’s life, because once you have achieve them it makes you a better person. Achieving goals make you feel confidence in yourself, and it gives you the sense of accomplishment. Like the quote says it’s not about what you get from achieving your goals it’s about what you become by achieving your goals. I was always a person who had very high goals because I felt that the higher they are, the harder I will work to achieve them. After high school I will be attending Clemson University in the Call Me Mister Program and one of my goals is to become a great teacher. Every since I was in middle school I always felt that education was my calling, because I love to talk and help others. We will write a custom essay sample on My Goals for the Future or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now as a high school senior I have start working towards my goal by entering the teacher cadet class where I am in the classroom with students. Being in this program has really brought me closer to the education field. I have learned that becoming a teacher is not just about teaching, but it’s about mentoring and loving your students. Teaching is a way to aid parents with the upbringing of their children. I believe that being a part of the Call Me Mister program will most definitely help me reach my goal, because â€Å"Mister† means Mentors Instructing Students Toward Effective Role Models which is one of their main priority. Another goal of mine is to become a Principal. I feel that one should never stop at just one goal; there should always be others in place. Once I reach my first goal to become a teacher; I will strive to become an effective Principal. Being a principal will give me the authority to help all students be successful. Becoming a principal would give me the lead away of putting my school on the map. Being the strong, family oriented leader that I am, I can do many things as a principal. I see myself coming back to Elloree and making a difference. I want all of Elloree children to have the same opportunities and even more than what I had. I want the parents of the students to feel proud of their children, because of something positive. I want to knit elloree back together as a family. I have many goals, but these are some that benefit my community and me. It is great that the citizens of Elloree give out a scholarship to students in the community. It gives me joy to see that there are people in my community that do care about my education and my future. That why I feel that it is my duty to come back to my community and help other students achieve their goals. It takes only a few people to help a child on their way to success. With this scholarship some of my goals can be accomplish. Every penny counts when education is the key. Making and achieving goals is so important in one’s life, because once you have achieve them it makes you a better person. Every child’s life should be fill with goals and dreams. And with that said, there should be adults out there to make sure that every child goals and dreams are fulfill. It only takes one person to start it off. With GOD on my side, I will do what is possible to achieve my goals. Achieving is believing and once you believe that you can do it, it will be done.

A List of Free Printable History Worksheets

A List of Free Printable History Worksheets Many different teaching approaches can bring history alive for your students. Add these printable history worksheets to your studies to reinforce your lessons and allow students to hone their knowledge of important historical events and people. President Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln PrintablesUse word searches, vocabulary quizzes, crossword puzzles, and coloring pages to help students learn about Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States. Activities also teach about the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial and the first lady from 1861 to 1865, Mary Todd Lincoln. Black History Month: Famous Firsts Black History Month PrintablesAt this link, teachers can find important background information about Black History Month in addition to worksheets and other activities focused on famous firsts among black Americans. The Famous Firsts Challenge, for example, has students match up a famous first for black Americans, such as the first African-American to go into space, with the correct name from a list of choices. Chinas Long and Ancient History Chinese History PrintablesWith a history spanning thousands of years, China is for many people the subject of a lifetime of study. While your students probably wont embark on such an endeavor, this link offers handouts to introduce your students to concepts related to Chinese culture and government. One handout also presents a number matching activity for students to learn how to count to 10 in Chinese. The American Civil War U.S. Civil War PrintablesAmericas Civil War might be the most studied and debated subject in U.S. history. Using the printables at this link, students can become more familiar with the names, places, and events that defined this crucial era for the American republic. Lewis and Clark and the American Frontier Lewis and Clark PrintablesExploration and expansion of the American frontier are essential elements to understanding the United States as a nation and a people. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were hired to explore the Louisiana Territory that President Thomas Jefferson bought from the French. With the activities and worksheets at this link, students learn more about issues related to Lewis and Clark and their travels. Medieval Times Medieval Era PrintablesThe medieval era is a fascinating time for many students, with tales of knights and jousting as well as political and religious intrigue. Among the activities at this link is a detailed coloring sheet for learning all about a suit of armor. Also included is Medieval Times Theme Paper on which students can write a story, poem or essay about the period. New Seven Wonders of the World New 7 Wonders of the World PrintablesWith an announcement in July 2007, the world was introduced to the New Seven Wonders of the World. The Pyramids of Giza, the oldest and only Ancient Wonder still standing, is included as an honorary candidate. The printables here teach students about the Pyramids and the others: the Great Wall of China, the Taj Mahal, Machu Picchu, Chichen Itza, Christ the Redeemer, the Colosseum, and Petra. American Revolutionary War Revolutionary War PrintablesBy learning about the Revolutionary War students discover the actions and principles of the nations founders. With the activities at this link, students gain a good overview of vocabulary and names related to the Revolution, as well as particular events, such as the Surrender of Cornwallis and Paul Reveres Ride. Womens History Month (March) Womens History Month PrintablesMarch in the United States is National Womens History Month, which recognizes and celebrates womens contributions to Americas history, society, and culture. The printables at this link introduce many important women with significant historical legacies whose names students might not immediately know. These worksheets and activities will heighten students appreciation for the role of women in U.S. history. World War II Historical Timeline WWII History PrintablesStudents will use and expand their knowledge of World War II to complete the activities at this link, which include a crossword puzzle; spelling, alphabetizing and vocabulary sheets; and coloring pages.

Differences between internal and external audit Essay

Differences between internal and external audit - Essay Example Differences between internal and external audit Internal and external audit differs in terms of objectives, scope, level of independence of the auditor, and methodology. Objectives The internal auditor’s objective is to ensure that sound risk management and control systems are in place to prevent errors and fraud from occurring. The external auditor’s objective on the other hand is to ensure that the accounts show a true and fair view. Therefore the necessary tests should be carried out to ensure that the financial statements can be relied upon to give a true and fair view. Scope of Work The scope of the internal auditors work is dependent on the management and directors of the organization. It is normal that less emphasis is placed on materiality considerations. The scope of the external auditor’s role is laid down in the state. Their primary concern is to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatements. Independence The internal audito r’s is employed by the organisation and the internal audit function is determined by management. ... University The internal audit at a University would report to the University Council through the Audit Committee on the systems of governance, internal control, value for money and the extent to which strategic initiatives that have been undertaken at the University are achieving their goals. The scope of the internal auditors work is wide as it covers non financial areas within the University. It consists of multiple audits in any one year and involves a range of areas in the University’s operations. Internal audit is would be part of the internal control system of the organization. The internal auditor would be required to prepare a risk based plan annually. The work will be performed on the most risky aspects of the University’s operating environment first. External Audit Procedures at a University The external auditor’s procedures which represents a statutory requirement checks whether the University’s accounts present a true and fair view of the finan cial position. A plan is prepared based on an assessment of the University’s operating environment. This activity is normally performed at after the end of the financial year. However, the external auditor may seek to carry out an interim audit during the course of the year so as to lessen the amount of work done at the final year end audit. The interim work normally include risk assessments to determine where weaknesses exists that could result in material misstatements of the financial statements. The external auditor would also evaluate the work of the internal auditor to determine if the external audit work could be reduced (CICA 2010). Similarities between Internal and External Auditors Both internal and external auditors are required to plan their work in relation to their objectives in carrying out